Radiator



Jan. 12, 1932.' T, E MURRAY 1,840,598

RADIATOR Original Filed Sept. 9, 1924 @Moen-hoz HOM/16' EMR/SWK outlet i 3. 2o P Pe 0 to tprevent accidental contact of application of rammed .im 12,

THOIAS E.' IUBRAY, 0F BBOOILYH, IEW-YORK, ABSIGNOR OUBPORLTIOI, A OODORATIOI 0I IEW YORK RADILTQB 9, 1989. Serial lo. 831,347.

l. This application is` a division ofV m previous app cation No. 736,793, liled September 9th, 1924. e invention aims to prop vide a radiator using eltric heating means .and having considerable advantages 111 economyand eiiiciency. The single ligure of the drawing is a perspective view, partly in section, ustrating the invention as applied to a design of radiator described in my appli` cation No. 188,890, iledMay 5th, 1927, as a substitute for a previous application No. 725,559, filed July 12th, 1924.

Referring to the embodiment of the invention illustrated, an admiion pipe 1 admits steam orother heating! medium to alo narrow rectangular chamber 2 in which itY .wes up its heat or a considerable portion Jiereof and from which it passes out by the The sides of the chamber are enga ed by a Aradiating structure of plates extendging-'laterally outward. The radiating plates at one side of the chamber are preferably made from a single continuous sheet bent to shape; and those on the o posite side from a similar sheet. Each s eet is thus formed into plates 4 and 5, selparated at their inner edges to form triangu ar spaces or chimneys or the upward" circulation of air. At their innere es where they. join the central chamber 2 ere is a short late 6 bearin against and referably welded to the cham r so as to ta e the heat therefrom and conduct it outward through the parts4 and 5.` AThe plates. 4 and 5 of each pair come together at their outer edges where the are braced by longitudinal braces 8, prefer-a ly in the .form of angle bars embraclng the vcorners'of the radiating structure, and thus servingvalso a person such corners. The radiating structure thusdescribed differs in detail from that illustrated in m previous application but is substantially'tlie same in operation. It can be more economically constructed because of the utilization of a single sheet to form all the radiatin members at either side of the central chain r, and it has certain advanta in provi g for the convenient other heating means.

y Extending immediately below the chamber 2 is a pipe 9 'for' gas or similar fuel admitted through a cock 10. The pipe or burner 9 has rorifices 11, preferably at intervals corresponding to the points of the heating chamber which lie opposite the separated inner edges of the plates 4 and 5. Thus when the gas is ignited the flames will lie under the chamber 2 and in the lower ends of the triangular chimneys formed by the plates 4 and 5 and the sides of the chamber. For use with as it is desirable that hot ber. lThe pipe 1 at the bottom and the pipe 12 at the top may be used for introducing and withdrawing such water or for permitting the escape of Steam. f

A third heating means isillustrated, con- I sisting` of coils 13 of resistant wire suitably insulated and mounted in the outside spaces between the plates 4 and 5. A cable 14 is illustrated for attachment to a socket to connect the electric heaters to the circuit.

I prefer to use'for the heating chamber and for theradiating structure a metal of at heat conductivi't such as copper, brass ogiezinc, which are mucl'l superior to the ordinary metals, iron and steel. orbrass in thin' sheets I get a suiicient increase in eiciency to compensate for the increased cost per pound. use plates of in t ickness Y six inches. The chamber `2 should be narrow, "as indicated. Radiators of this design and of these materials and dimensions vare particularly 'advantageousbecause they canpbe easily equipped with gas about one-sixty-fourthiof an inch can be locatedso as to secure the best application of the heat to water ,carried in the chamber 2, the chamber beingl equally adapted for steam or ot water circulation. 'The electric'heaters stiil'en the entire structure against distortion, which is important with such thin 'sheet metal, It will be'observedj that the gas ilames and the electric heaters are-applied at alternate points along the sides of the chamber. The gasllames come up through the chimneys :formed by the sides of the chamber,

lFor example, I may while' the electric heaters are.

armar macular p water be supplie to the chain- By using copper extendingoutward from lone to boilers and electric heaters in the manner indicated, and these heaters in the angular spaces which are open to the outside. It is contem lated that the radiator shall be uipped wit 1 both these heating instrumenta ities, as well as with coupllngs to which pipes may be attached for steam or hot water circulation. If any one of these methods does not give the required amount of heat, two, or even three, of them can be used at the same time, there being no interference between them.

The radiator may be efually used for cooling air by circulating co d brine or the like through the pipes so that the latter become a heatin element only in the ne tive sense, that is, t ey extract heat from t e radiating structure and induce a ilow of the cool air downward through. the ues similar to the upward circulation, of air induced by the passage of steam through the ipe.

An important feature of the invention is in the vertical extension of the transverse plates formed by the corrugated structure. These plates extend to a great height relatively to their width so as to 'form heated vertical air ducts which are unimpeded throughout their height. That is to say, the electric heating elements are yof the same cross-section throughout their length, leaving the clear duct space between the transverse plates also offu'niform section throughout their height. The cool Vair enters the lower ends and open sides of these air ducts andrises between the walls formed by the plates in the form of horizontal series o vertical columns of air which are progressively heated on both sides by prolonged contact with the heated walls of the ducts and are thus impelled rapidly. upward so as to accelerate the circulation of the heated air columns upward from the ducts and throughout the room or enclosure to be heated.

The ducts between transverse plates which converge at their outer edges are in fact tlues closed in cross-section and adapted to pro-l duce an even greater draft upward than the s ace between such tlues.; the draft being s ower in the latter because of the admission of cool air at the open side of the duct. The action takes place either with or without water in the water chamber 2, theeect of water therein being merely to maintain a store of heat for a certain length of time after the electric current is cut of.

The ducts act in the same way when the heat is supplied from the fuel pipe or burner 9, this burner in element located solely at the bottom of the ducts described; in contrast with the electric heating devices which are attached to the transverse plates not only at the lower portions of the latter, but throughout their height.

The result of this structure of vertical ducts is that instead of a relatively stationary or slowing. rising `and laterally diffusing overfact constitutes a heating heated body of air around a heatin element and underheated air in the remain er of the room or inclosure, there is obtained a greatly accelerated ascent of warm columns of air through the heated ducts and upward therefrom and thus a forced circulation and distribution of evenly heated air throughout the entire enclosure.

The present ap lication is directed to radiators heated by e ectricity, the parent application including not only the electrical but also 'the other heating means described.

e Various modifications ma be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the invention as defined in the followin claims. l

at I 'claim is: -l

l. A combination heater and radiator including in combination a chamber of thin metal for a iuid heating medium on the outer Aface ofy which is mounted a radiating structure comprising vertically extending lates and electric heaters applied to the outside of the chamber so as to heat water therein and located in the spaces between said plates so as to stiien the entire structure.

2. A combination heater and radiator including in combination a` chamber of thin metal for a fluid heating medium `having fiat vertical sides, a radiating structure o plates engaging the sides ofthe chamber, extending laterally outward and forming with the chamber wall closed' vertical fines spaced apart from one another and electric heaters located in the spaces between the iues so as to stiften the entire structure and adjacent to the chamber so as to heat water therein.

3. An electric heater comprising vertical electric heating means and a longitudinal series of transverse, vertical heat conducting plates fixed at their inner portions in close heat conducting relation to, but electrically insulated from, said heating means, said plates being substantially free of intervening obstructions, the height of said plates being relatively great compared with their width, and forming` a series of unimpeded heated vertical air ducts.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

r THOMAS E. MURRAY. 

